Lauren Hatcher at Cardiff University heads a research group dedicated to generating “films” of crystals through in-situ x-ray diffraction techniques. This initiative seeks to comprehend how dynamic changes at the molecular level influence macroscopic characteristics, aiding in leveraging these alterations for tangible benefits. Hatcher’s path in crystallography commenced with her undergraduate training at GlaxoSmithKline, where she became acquainted with various crystallization methodologies. Her doctoral research progressed within this domain, fueled by the complex task of constructing the 3D architecture of crystalline substances.
Currently, Hatcher’s research centers on investigating small, photoactive compounds, such as photoswitches, which alter isomers upon exposure to light. Her team has pioneered time-resolved and serial crystallography techniques to observe molecular transformations instantaneously. Light activates the molecules inside crystals, and a diffractometer calibrated with x-rays tracks these structural modifications. This process necessitates high-intensity x-rays typically obtained from facilities like the Diamond Light Source in the UK, although increasing x-ray intensity risks damaging the crystals.
While macromolecular crystallographers often contend with the challenges of crystal damage, Hatcher’s group utilizes techniques like serial crystallography on small-molecule crystals. This approach entails positioning a grid of microcrystals and capturing numerous images in a manner similar to filming sequentially, yielding a thorough examination of molecular dynamics over time.
Hatcher acknowledges the difficulties in recording individual molecular transformations due to averaging effects both temporally and statistically. However, when combined with spectroscopic and computational information, this investigation offers a holistic perspective on photoactivation impacts on crystal structures.
Supported by Cardiff University, their specially designed Rigaku diffractometer facilitates time-resolved x-ray experiments generally carried out at large facilities, improving research accessibility directly in their lab. In broadening its application, the team also investigates light-responsive materials for solar energy and pyroelectric applications.
This cutting-edge work has bestowed upon Hatcher esteemed accolades, including the George Sheldrick Prize and the Harrison-Meldola Prize, recognizing the collaboration between her team and facility personnel for successful experimental outcomes. Upcoming projects include utilizing x-ray free-electron lasers in Europe to capture the initial phases of photochemical reactions using ultra-fast light pulses, advancing the understanding of molecular dynamics.