Title: The Subjective Essence of Measurement: Comprehending Time and Space Measurement underpins scientific exploration, ceaselessly developing to boost accuracy and precision. However, complex and frequently esteemed, the act of measuring is often founded on historical customs and societal agreements. Investigating the essence of time, in particular, reveals how deeply entrenched conventions influence our comprehension and […]

Throughout the years, I have garnered a reputation for being particularly critical of Galileo Galilei and the embellished narrative surrounding his alleged contributions to science. My critiques aren’t specifically aimed at Galilei himself, but rather at those who elevate him to an almost legendary status, regarding him as the sole creator of modern science. This […]

**Mathematical Education in Sixteenth-Century England and the Emergence of Mathematical Learning** In the latter part of the sixteenth century, the mathematical education in England was significantly behind that of continental Europe. This shortfall became clear as applied mathematical fields like navigation, cartography, and surveying rose in importance. Although the quadrivium—which included arithmetic, geometry, music, and […]

Evangelista Torricelli (1608–1647) stands out as a significant individual in the realms of physics and mathematics, frequently acknowledged as part of the Galilei-Castelli mathematical school. Although not as widely recognized as figures such as Galileo or Newton, Torricelli’s contributions, especially the invention of the barometer, are vital. Born in Faenza, Italy, Torricelli commenced his education […]

Giovanni Alfonso Borelli: An Innovative Scholar of the Galileo-Castelli School Giovanni Alfonso Borelli (1608–1679) stands out as a significant individual from the Galileo–Castelli school of mathematics, with his existence in 17th-century Italy resembling the narrative of a mid-Victorian novel. Originating from modest circumstances in Naples, Borelli’s brilliance and mathematical talent granted him the opportunity to […]

Theories of Motion from Aristotle to Isaac Newton Over the ages, humanity’s comprehension of motion and physics has advanced considerably. From Aristotle to Sir Isaac Newton, concepts regarding motion have progressed from the belief that forces are always necessary for movement to the principle of inertia, a core element of classical physics as defined by […]

Galileo’s conflicts with the Roman Catholic Church commenced with the “Letter to Castelli” in December 1613. At a dinner in Pisa with Grand Duke Cosimo II de’ Medici, philosopher Cosimo Boscaglia opposed the heliocentric theory, referencing the Bible. Benedetto Castelli, who was present and a student of Galileo, defended the heliocentric perspective. Castelli relayed this […]

Bonaventura Cavalieri (1598–1647) was an innovative mathematician linked with the Galilei-Castelli mathematical school. Originally named Francesco Cavalieri, he took on his father’s name when he joined the Jesuati order at the age of fifteen. The Jesuati, different from the Jesuits, acted as caregivers during the Black Death, recognized for proclaiming Jesus’s name during their prayers. […]

This is the subsequent entry in my series focused on introductory literature regarding the history of mathematics. From one perspective, the series commenced nearly eight years ago when I authored a brief but highly critical review of the book that first introduced me to mathematical history, Eric Temple Bell’s *Men of Mathematics*. Recently, several weeks […]

 **You blog for sixteen years and what do you receive** **Twelve thousand remarks[1] and a hell of a reputation** **You can inform St. Peter that I can’t leave** **Because I owe my spirit to the history of mathematics**.[2] It is a rather improbable truth that the Renaissance Mathematicus and his rogue companion the […]